Laser beams can be modulated to convey information, in the same way as radio waves. Laser data transmission allows a few broadband signals, or many...

In robotics, a landmark is a specific feature of a robot’s work environment, notable because of its usefulness in navigation and ranging. Landmarks are generally...

Ladar is an acronym that stands for laser detection and ranging. It is also known as laser radar or lidar (short for light detection and...

An interesting motivation for artificial intelligence (AI) research is called Jungian world theory. According to this hypothesis, human beings keep making the same mistakes in...

The joint parameters of a robot arm or end effector are the scalar values, usually measured in linear displacement units and angular units, all of...

A jaw is a specialized robot gripper, consisting of individual parts that can clamp down to hold an object, and open to let the object...

An integrated circuit (IC) is an electronic device containing many diodes, transistors, resistors, and/or capacitors fabricated onto a wafer, or chip, of semiconductor material. The...

An insect robot is a member of a team of identical robots that operates under the control of a single controller, usually for the purpose...

An input/output module, symbolized I/O, is a data link between a microprocessor and a computer’s peripherals. In robotic systems, I/O modules transfer data from the...

An industrial robot, as its name implies, is a robot employed in industry. Such robots can be fixed or mobile and can work in construction,...